local government revenue generation pdflocal government revenue generation pdf

In 2013, Seoul introduced a volume-based food waste disposal charge that succeeded in reducing its daily food waste significantly. (2022). For example, revenue KPIs could include the annual increase in revenue per lever, while nonrevenue KPIs could define targets for each lever and its corresponding interventions, such as the annual increase in the number of violations detected. The revenue generated is utilized by states and its functional departments for meeting the expenditures on infrastructure, public transportation, sanitation, legal systems, public safety, education, health care systems, military . endstream Revenue sources and economic growth in Nigeria: An appraisal. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 842.04] Cities could also increase value from unused land plots through monetizing them either as lease contracts or through other more innovative publicprivate partnership structures, such as joint development agreements or joint ventures (Exhibit 4). /Type /Group But, communities are still facing a numerous difficulties in access to basic goods and services from local governments Authorities (Pradeep, 2011). Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 7(8),113123. >> How does the tax system subsidize child care expenses? >> /Meta81 69 0 R (*(%8H8c- fd9@6_IjH9(3=DR1%? >> How does the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance work? /Meta59 53 0 R To increase the flow of revenues from these sources, cities can select from four interventions (Exhibit 3). In our experience, governments can capture significant valueup to 50 percent of potential additional revenuesby implementing measures linked to effectiveness such as enhancing collections and audit processes or better asset monetization. The authentic confucius: A life of thought and politics. simply because of poor finances arising from ade8uate revenue generation drive. (&. /Group << In our experience, cities that fare the best in their revenue generation efforts create an internal dedicated unit that is responsible for the strategys implementation. <> It is as easy to achieve fiscal decentralization under a unitary system of government as under a federal system. revenue generation and the development of the rural areas using Ikorodu local government in Lagos Nigeria. >> Nicole Badstuber, London congestion charge has been a huge success. /Parent 2 0 R What would be the effect of a national retail sales tax on economic growth? 2 0 obj Revenue generation: Its impact on government developmental effort (A study of selected local council in Kogi East senatorial district). . The survey research design was adopted for this study, with 414 staff of Ikorodu local government area as the population of the study. >> How did the TCJA affect tax expenditures? endobj >> Optimizing land monetization has the potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating assets. 6 . fPU1"kVVY%9kgi=IIbjm_l g$+pVS?Fn!:El0L4m^. /Tabs /S 11 xref What is return-free filing and how would it work? Transfers fell from 1977 through most of the 1980s but increased slowly though the 1990s. Key 2022 Takeaways. Maintaining public support is critical to the longer-term viability of such efforts, and cities must create an attractive business climate. Local governments collected $1.7 trillion of general revenue in 2017. One strategy that cities have followed is introducing an amnesty program for delinquent parking tickets that waives penalties and additional fines as an incentive for motorists to pay up. Form 2, or on the appropriate line on Nebraska and Local Sales and Use Tax Return, Form 10 . 0000002251 00000 n Before the crisis, long-term structural deficits were persistent for both individual governments and the entire sector as spending plans and patterns outpaced governments' revenue-generating capacity. What tax changes did the Affordable Care Act make? Finally, cities could introduce new types of service fees, fines, and chargesand in so doing, create new sources of revenue. This category involves enhancing internal effectiveness of city teams to generate more revenues without visible impact to the public. What have budget trends been over the short and long term? Economic development in the Third World (12th ed.). Why is the VAT administratively superior to a retail sales tax? Financing Local Governments: Exploiting the potential of local revenue Introduction Local governments are constitutionally empowered to control, regulate and also raise revenues from activities in their jurisdiction. The capacity of local government to generate revenue internally is one very crucial consideration for the creation of a local council. >> 7, 192209. general sales taxes and gross receipts taxes, Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, federal funds for local transportation projects, Surveying State Leaders on the State of State Taxes, More Than Fines and Fees: Incorporating Equity into City Revenue Strategies, State and Local Government Revenues and Racial Disparities, Assessing Fiscal Capacities of States: A Representative Revenue SystemRepresentative Expenditure System Approach, Fiscal Year 2012, Governing with Tight Budgets; Long Term Trends in State Finances, Center on Labor, Human Services, and Population, Metropolitan Housing and Communities Policy Center, 8 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 2 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 3 percent from other taxes such as a locality'staxes onhotel bookingsandrestaurant meals. International Business Management, 3(3), 5460. /Resources << /XObject << For example, New Yorks Nassau County installed red-light cameras at 86 intersections in 2016 and produced more than 500,000 tickets for motorists, which generated $48 million. 11 0 obj G$\0#?; endobj Assets can include land monetization (such as land used by telcos for cell towers), appreciating land values, and commercial advertisements in public spaces, public markets, and shopping centers. nQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G! /Meta50 52 0 R What would and would not be taxed under a VAT? China Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999). The State's own budgetary issues have put a major strain on local government budgets across Illinois. The final 34 percent of local government general revenue came from intergovernmental transfers. How might the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI) be reformed? %PDF-1.5 Furthermore, technological advancements can aid increased surveillance. /GS31 30 0 R What are the major options for comprehensive tax reform? /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] Of course, feasibility depends in part on the impact of an action on the city and its residents. And as the new normal begins to take shape, you'll also have to plan for the near- and long . >> State and local governments collected a combined $3.5 trillion of general revenues in fiscal year 2019. What criticisms are levied against standard distributional analysis? Beyond central government funding, the primary revenue streams for municipal governments are service fees, fines, taxes, and assets such as buildings and properties. How do taxes affect the economy in the short run? What are health reimbursement arrangements and how do they work? /XObject << >> Tax as a financial charge, is the main source of revenue generation for any government. stream 4 0 obj /Parent 2 0 R New York, Scribner Press in Institute of Management and Leadership Professional Nigeria (2012). endobj 13 0 obj >> What was the experience with return-free filing in California? Subscribed to {PRACTICE_NAME} email alerts. /Meta55 44 0 R And these sources tend to be far from optimized: local governments are often unaware of how to get more from existing sources and lack the resources to mount such efforts. /GS7 17 0 R By doing so, the people's interest would be geared towards giving their maximum support to the local government which would lead to the development of the rural area? endobj Developing countries revenue growth is hampered by a . How do financing methods affect the distributional analyses of tax cuts? 7 /Tabs /S Who bears the burden of the corporate income tax? Okwori, J., & Sule, A. /Meta25 33 0 R endobj 5. What are inversions, and how will TCJA affect them? Diesel fuel used in processing, manufacturing, refining, generating electricity, irrigation or farming, or by any hospital may >> How do state and local severance taxes work? /StructParents 7 \\jG*"ktVJE /Image97 76 0 R << Given state and local tax revenuevolatility resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, and the large amount of federal transfers approved by Congress, particularly as part of the American Rescue Plan, these numbers will probably look different for fiscal years 2020 and 2021, but Census has not yet published that data. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(6), pp. /XObject << What did the Presidents Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform say about the national retail sales tax? Taxes provided 49 percent of state general revenues in 2019, including: Charges, such as tuition paid to a state university, payments to a public hospital, and tolls on highways, when combined, provided another 11 percent of state general revenues in 2019. %PDF-1.5 Cover cost to serve where possible. >> A simulation of 8,760 h year-round was performed for the provincial market containing the integrated generation plant without energy storage. >> What other countries use return-free filing? /Meta52 49 0 R In 2020 and 2021, Congress transferred a large amount of funds to local governments as part of the CARES Act . PubMedGoogle Scholar, Insitute of African Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Ntiwunka, G., Ayodele, T.M. Some are widely practiced, while others represent emerging and innovative options for city governments to pursue. These meetings serve as a way to monitor progress and enable proper implementation. ^xQDe^w 83:Ou-5Eb73>#J!D/J& eXd3 Ik|9nV/G>6y5c?N%+ U/wT7|ZIa,G~-mrPwld?o *SQ{uT?XI2LhwtbM[Gp`K%g$WF^ iO_D&:P1-?F_7#)96b_:Gz@otQ]5$F}f0d;N 5 0 obj An effective assessment will analyze a given interventions technical feasibility and implementation. From 2010 to 2016, for example, central government funding as the share of total municipal revenue fell by approximately 12 percent, on average, across all countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Within this larger context, the ability of local governments to successfully and sustainably use revenue powers depends on an appropriate multi-dimensional constitutional/legal/ administrative framework. Taxes provided 42 percent of local general revenues, including: Charges, such as city revenue from sewerage and parking fees, when combined, provided 18 percent of local general revenues in 2019. 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