Nigeria has lost large numbers of lives in the Northern region since 2009 to the insurgency of this infamous sect, Boko Haram which has been ravaging the northern region of the country. 500,000 job hopefuls were in a rush to apply for roughly 5,000 openings in Nigerias immigration agency in 2014, and 16 people were murdered in a melee. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide5.xml.rels Uchenna Simeon does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. He identified ethnoreligious conflict as a major source of insecurity in Nigeria. Several roads were closed due to the flooding. Summary. There are over 3 million people internally displaced in Nigeria, forced to flee in their homes in the North-East by insurgency and conflict. Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . Lack of IGR: many state's internal generated revenue can barely sustain salary payment. The government can abuse the emergency powers. EiEWG is a coordination forum functioning within the principles and . Without a reliable road system, business suffers. K= 7 ! Nice one! EM also helps one to immediately identify major cause of failure and then restore asset or equipment to its normal working condition. [READ MORE] Embassy Messages Alerts Security Alert - Possible Protests Leading to Elections and Restricted Movements on Election Days - February 25 and March 11 Mon, 13 Feb 2023 During the enforcement of emergency rule, however, these principles might not be adhered to. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. 13. List of States in Nigeria and their Capitals: Having looked at the number of states in Nigeria, let us look at their individual capital. Minimizing downtime by addressing critical issues quickly, Improving the functionality, performance, and reliability of the system, Reducing the risk of system failures and customer dissatisfaction, Flexibility in addressing problems based on the severity and urgency. Frequent and persistent ethnic conflicts and religious clashes between the two dominant religions (Islam and Christianity), present the country with a major security challenge. (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . e. Land disputes, many of which have been dragging on for years, should be resolved as soon as possible to avoid further loss of life and property. Recommended: Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. . When these situations exist, the crime rate is bound to rise and the security of lives and properties cannot be guaranteed. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. We contend that when there is widespread insecurity, it could affect business investment, the entire business organization, or some aspects of its operations which include production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). According to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 244,000 children are suffering from acute malnutrition in Borno state and on average 134 die every day from this. Another issue in Nigerian schools nowadays is political meddling; politics is the most powerful factor in the Nigerian educational system. f. The educational sector should receive enough funding. They prefer blanket references, with the consideration that the causes of insecurity are interwoven and contributory to one another. Finally, dealing alone with the issues mentioned above will not appraise the root causes of insecurity. Conducive environment: some states lacks police infrastructures such as college, clinic and adequate resources to sustain the desired policing. The Principle of Federal Character, which stipulates that all states are represented in the federal government, was included in the constitution to address this issue. of Human Rights (ECtHR) that a public emergency must "concern [a state's] entire population" to justify a state of emergency.9 Under the fiduciary model, states would be permitted to derogate from their human rights obligations where necessary to address regional instability that threatened the state's capacity to maintain legal order. Non-indigenes especially Igbos and Yorubas have to return to their home states before they are killed by Boko Haram. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . Government must not only continue to engage the security personnel, but it must also, more than ever before, recognize the need to devote more attention to security intelligence, capacity building to meet the global best practice standard, and acquisition of modern technology. Ethnicity: Nigeria, Africas colossus, is the worlds most populated black country. The government is responsible for this discourse, which must be conducted in order to keep the country secure. Located in western Africa and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, Nigeria occupies a land mass of approximately 924,000 km 2 (357,000 mi 2 ), about twice the size of California. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. What are the economic problems that Nigeria is facing, Also see: Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022. Recommended: Problems of the Nigerian educational system. The history of State of Emergency in Nigerian politics began in 1962 when large-scale irregularities in the. The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 as amended empowers the country's President in section 305 to declare a State Emergency in the whole country or any part thereof if the country is involved in any crisis situation caused by either human beings or natural phenomena such as earthquake, floods, erosion etc. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. Small Arms and Light Weapons proliferation and the availability of these weapons have enabled militant groups and criminal groups to have easy access to arms. The Speaker was Chris Aluta, GMD, ProtectionPlus Services Limited. 1. In addition, the Government at all levels should not compromise in enforcing the law. In addition, some firms have shifted their operations to other countries like Ghana which is deemed to be more peaceful. EMERGENCY POWERS IN NIGERIA: LEGALAND CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Mojeed Olujinmi A. Alabi ABSTRACT This article examines both the legal and constitutional validity of the various actions pertaining to the emergency rule in Plateau State, Nigeria. It can also lead to temporary suspension of the democratic order and pave the way for the ascendancy of anti-democratic forces. The Nigerian government recently threatened to declare a state of emergency in Anambra, a state in the south-east of the country, because of rising insecurity. Also see: Why is Nigeria so corrupt? 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! .( ppt/presentation.xmln0"Q(F. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The countrys purchasing and selling situation are dire and depressing. Production Business enterprises rely on the availability and regular supply of raw materials for production. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! So, it is a strong disincentive to business investment as it scares away potential investors. Nigerian troops, aided by troops from Niger and Chad burst into the town looking for guerrillas. K= 7 ! The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. Nigerians are tired of going to the polls on election day only to discover that their ballots havent been counted. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. One can say that emergency is a dangerous situation that requires immediate and quick action. March 30, 2022. Nigeria reported the country's . This frequently causes a sense of perceived unfairness by the government and its agents towards these communities. However, Nigeria in recent times has witnessed an unprecedented level of insecurity such as Boko Haram activities, banditry, kidnapping, Fulani-Herders-Farmers clashes that resulted in Ondo State issuance of Quit notice to Fulanis in the State. Emergency maintenance is something that if failed equipment is not repaired immediately after failure, then it might cause greater damage, affects health, and results in production loss. The state of insecurity in Nigeria is greatly a function of government failure or can be linked to government failure. Usually, the brakes come on at the last second before contact is made with the incoming object. Top among these are the widespread corruption, overpopulation in schools, few market-relevant courses, and general unaffordability of a good education. 7. A State of Emergency, according to state law, can be declared during a situation or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life or property, resulting from a natural or man-made cause. g. Since we are all aware of our economys job dilemma, everyone should strive for a back up plan. If there are no jobs in the economy, try to create some. K= 7 ! In all parts of Nigeria, there exist ethnoreligious conflicts and these according to him, have emerged as a result of new and particularistic forms of political consciousness and identity often structured around ethnoreligious identities. In many countries, the executive arm of the government declares a state of emergency. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. The proclamation must be ratified by the National Assembly made up of the Senate and House of Representatives. Most urban areas in Nigeria have grown beyond their environmental carrying capacities and existing infrastructure and this has resulted in increased poor quality of the living conditions in urban areas in Nigeria. This exerts pressure on the business for manpower at any cost. a. Nigerians must come to embrace the truth that, despite the fact that the country was founded by the British, we are all one people. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. s Nigeria problem. 12. 5. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide4.xml.rels Ordinary citizens having small and medium scale businesses cannot open shops for business transactions. The "petroleum-rich" Nigerian state, confronted by sociopolitical instability, high degree of corruption, mass hostility to the "public," and poor macroeconomic management, continue to display the attributes of a state in crisis (Akinola, 2008).Successive governments in Nigeria, like in many African states, lack the political will to initiate or sustain policy or structural . Inflation is a significant issue in the country. The possibility of federal government taking over the affairs of the state explains why no state governor has ever requested the president to proclaim a state of emergency in their state. A resolution must also be passed by two-thirds of the members of both houses. This is an internationally recognised set of rules which set out limits to restrictions on rights during emergencies. I. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. This is particularly true in Nigeria where the role of the legislature and judiciary are constantly undermined and influenced by the executive. In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. There. We recognize that some internal factors have been enhanced and strengthened by the presence of external forces, but, there is no doubt that, if the internal situations did not present themselves, the external forces would be unable to infiltrate. Nigerias environmental and health standards are deplorable. Due to the escalating costs of education (school fees, enrolment fees, the cost of books and other materials), students and even their parents will not want to be held behind by any type of deficit or failure in any of the needed topics, and would thus go to any length to avoid being held back. Consequently, Aluta posited more sustainable development initiatives regarding insecurity are needed in Nigeria and this is imperative, since security is central to development, and the national transformation agenda of the current administration may not be achieved if there is no solution to the menace of insecurity ravaging the country. Radical Change in Values A paradigm shift of values from the current order has also been suggested and emphasized by many, considering the role of values in the governance system, leadership developmental goals, and behavior towards corruption. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 25/03/2020. Searches can be conducted without a warrant, suspects can be arrested and detained without being charged, special laws can be enacted to punish those who flout the emergency rules, quasi-judicial bodies can be set up to try offenders, rights to lawful assembly and freedom of expression and communication can be restricted, the Nigerian government can decide to take over the executive and legislative functions of the affected state, destruction and confiscation of private property without compensation to the victims. He posited that there is a need to reorder priorities and to seek a better understanding of the underlying causes and dynamics of the insecurity in the country with the aim of providing effective conflict prevention and management strategies. d. Resource management should be prioritized so that groups like MEND can no longer exist in our country. 1~LaRS\&i1PPABwcg6GMH\(>hN{K(wx{ PK ! The constitutional powers to declare a state of emergency rests with the president. Solutions to the problems of Nigerian economy. A-143, 9th Floor, Sovereign Corporate Tower, We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. . The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. A coordination forum functioning within the principles and try to create some root causes of insecurity in Nigeria the... Nowadays is political meddling ; politics is the worlds most populated black.! 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