5 facts about europe's topography5 facts about europe's topography

Indented by numerous bays, fjords, and seas, continental Europes highly irregular coastline is about 24,000 miles (38,000 km) long. City-states were unique in that they were governed not by a hereditary ruler, but by a political body that represented its citizens. Desert climates are found in the European portion of Kazakhstan and South Eastern Spain. In order to distinguish herds, families and communities developed a pattern of cuts and notches on the animals ears.Reindeer were also the Samis main method of transporting goods during their nomadic journeys. In 2005, the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published 12 cartoons featuring Islamic subjects. For discussion of major cities of the continent, see specific articles by namee.g., Rome, Warsaw, and London. In partitioning the globe into meaningful large geographic units, therefore, most modern geographers treated the former Soviet Union as a distinct territorial entity, comparable to a continent, that was somewhat separate from Europe to the west and from Asia to the south and east; that distinction has been maintained for Russia, which constituted three-fourths of the Soviet Union. The map was produced using a Lambert conformal conic projection, with standard parallels at 40 degrees north . The EU accepts few candidates: member states must maintain a stable, democratic form of government, a free-market economy, and commitment to the rule of law.The rapid growth of the European Union, however, has caused a number of administrative and political tensions. More than half of Europe consists of lowlands, standing mostly below 600 feet (180 metres) but infrequently rising to 1,000 feet (300 metres). Steppe plains cover the north of Kazakhstan. El sitio web de CORDIS requiere tener activado JavaScript para funcionar correctamente. During this time, a number of anti-communist revolutions swept central and eastern Europe. The Apennines, Dinaric Alps, and Balkan Mountains, as well as the arc-shaped Carpathian Mountains and their southern portion, the Transylvanian Alps, also exhibit high elevations. The U.K. also includes Northern Ireland, which is on another island. Around 10% of the world's population lives in Europe. Many of its events encouraged community involvement and civic engagement. Ireland: geography and landscape. These countries included Greece, Ireland, Spain, and Portugal. Holland is a nation of cyclists. As a conceptual construct, Europa, as the more learned of the ancient Greeks first conceived it, stood in sharp contrast to both Asia and Libya, the name then applied to the known northern part of Africa. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. The country is also home to a number of outstanding schools for automotive design, such as the Hochschule Esslingen and Hochschule Pforzheim.Political GeographyEuropes long history and economic progress have been shaped by its political geography. In this case, the region of Western Europe includes the regions of northern Europe, southern Europe, Central Europe, and the British Isles. Aby witryna CORDIS dziaaa poprawnie, obsuga JavaScript musi by wczona. Latin, the language of Rome, evolved into French in the western region, and Italian in the south. Luxembourg is a small country located in the Low Countries, part of North-West Europe It borders Belgium for 148 kilometres (92 miles) to the west and north, France (73 km [45 mi]) to the south, and Germany (138 km [86 mi]) to the east. Author of. Gouffre Mirolda is the 3rd deepest cave in the world after Krubera Cave and Illyuzia-Mezhonnogo-Snezhnaya Cave, both in Georgia (former Soviet Republic). The relationship between the United States, with a free-market economy, and the Soviet Union, with a communist economy, was known as the Cold War.The Iron Curtain represents Europes political geography during the Cold War. They are very detailed and are often produced on large sheets of paper. Associated vegetation and soil forms also show continual variety, but only portions of the dominant woodland that clothed most of the continent when humans first appeared now remain. In fact, the tallest mountain in Europe is in Kazakhstan and is called Khan Tengri, standing 22,999 feet high, some 4,500 feet higher than the next tallest, Mount Elbrus in Russia. Germany's largest wooded area,. Glaciers are found in a surprisingly large number of European countries, including Iceland, Norway, Spain, France, Switzerland, Austria and Germany. Europe has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. Check out this amazing list of Austria facts that include history, food, culture, and more. The population of the City of Brussels is ~175,000. The Danubian and northern Italian lowlands are thus mountain-ringed islands. Whats the Difference Between Great Britain and the United Kingdom. The major peninsula of Scandinavia is mostly upland and highland, with its relief greatest at the descent to the Norwegian fjords and the sea; eastward and southward the seas are approached more gently. Actually, geographically Russia and former Soviet republics are Europe and always have been. By the end of the war, the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires collapsed and broke into a dozen separate nations. It stands 10,922 feet high on the coast of the Mediterranean island Sicily. Many of the most socially and economically powerful elements of these societies will be led by immigrants.Developing countries, such as those in eastern and southern Europe, are expected to bear the worst of the depopulation trend. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. A landlocked country of towering mountains, deep Alpine lakes, grassy valleys dotted with . Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. For the political geography of Europe, see, Countries consisting solely of islands or parts of islands, Countries bordering or spanning another continent, Countries whose capital is not the most populous, List of countries by the number of other countries they border, Last edited on 19 February 2023, at 19:57, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe, List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks, List of the highest European ultra-prominent peaks, Special member state territories and the European Union, Language facts European day of languages, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Europe&oldid=1140367331, Lower Danubian Plain, between Balkan Mountains and, This page was last edited on 19 February 2023, at 19:57. Corrections? Regional climatic contrasts nevertheless exist: oceanic, Mediterranean, and continental types occur widely, as do gradations from one to the other. Flora & FaunaMuch like its physical regions, Europe's plant and animal communities follow a general north-south orientation. Projects are meant to stay a part of the city after 2011some pieces of sculpture may be used for athletics, for instance. The biggest part of the United Kingdom (also called the U.K.) is the island of Great Britain, which is made up of England, Wales, and Scotland. The lowest terrain in Europe, virtually lacking relief, stands at the head of the Caspian Sea; there the Caspian Depression reaches some 95 feet (29 metres) below sea level. When it comes to geographical facts about Europe, and in particular the mountains, most people will assume that the names at the top of the list will be the famous Mont Blanc or the Matterhorn. Kosovo is a. A convenient division is made by a line linking the base of the peninsula of Jutland with the head of the Adriatic Sea. 0. Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Geography, Physical Geography. The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. The geology of Europe is hugely varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent, from the Scottish Highlands to the rolling plains of Hungary. It is 1733 meters (5,686 feet) deep and is located near the Swiss and Italian borders, in the area of the Savoy Alps close to the village of Samoens. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. A convenient division is made by a line linking the base of the peninsula of Jutland with the head of the Adriatic Sea. The coasts of the northwestern highlandsand in particular the fjords of Norwayinvite maritime enterprise. CORDIS website requires JavaScript enabled in order to work properly. Protests developed across the Muslim world, and demonstrators set fire to Danish embassies in Lebanon, Iran, and Syria. These regional labels are used more for identification than for regional analysis. Those highland areas include lands of abundant rainfallwhich supplies hydroelectricity and water to industrial citiesand provide summer pastures for cattle. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the south (west to east) by the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Kuma-Manych Depression, and the Caspian Sea. Slavic-based civilization dominates much of the territory occupied by the former Soviet Union from the Baltic and Black seas to the Pacific Ocean. The Kimmel Falls are in Hohe Tauen National Park and are one of Austrias most visited tourist attractions. Europe is a peninsula of the Eurasian supercontinent and is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean, Black, and Caspian Seas to the south.Europe's main peninsulas are the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan, located in southern Europe, and the Scandinavian and Jutland, located in Northern Europe. 4. By size, Germany is the seventh-largest European country. Grades 6 - 12+ Subjects Arts and Music, Economics, Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, World History Photograph Europe Europe is the western peninsula of the giant "supercontinent" of Eurasia. Here are 21 things about this amazing continent that may just surprise you. Intense trade introduced many species, which often overtook native plants. International economic and military organizations developed on either side of the Iron Curtain. Many of Europe's fjords are located in Iceland and Scandinavia.North European PlainThe North European Plain extends from the southern United Kingdom east to Russia. Some critics argue these attitudes are xenophobic. Europe has a diversity of terrains, physical features, and climates. At its largest, Rome controlled approximately 6.5 million square kilometers (2.5 million square miles) of land.The Roman approach to conquering and controlling territory is often considered to be the basis of Western imperialism. Professor of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs. Europe's eastern frontier is usually delineated by the Ural Mountains in Russia, which is the largest country by land area in the continent. Automobile companies such as BMW, Mercedes, and Audi are known throughout the world for creating cars with dynamic designs and an engaging driving experience. It is bounded by the North Sea in the north and west. The western part of the continent clearly has a high proportion of coastline with good maritime access and often with . Ethnic Groups / People of Europe are at 87. Flourishing immigrant communities are bringing in new languages to the continent, including Arabic, Hindi, and Mandarin.A 2006 European study showed that 53 percent of respondents could speak a second language, while 28 percent could speak two foreign languages. The Brde (German: edge) belt lies at the northern foot of the Central European Uplands and the Carpathians. Fortuitously, Europe has no continuous mountain obstacle aligned north-south, corresponding, for example, to the Western Cordillera of North America and the Andes Mountains of South America, that would limit access into western Europe from the ocean. Important highlands in this region include the Massif Central and the Vosges in France, the Ardennes of Belgium, the Black Forest and the Taunus in Germany, and the Ore and Sudeten in the Czech Republic. It has been somewhat problematical to pin down the biggest glacier in Europe because biggest is open to interpretation of length, depth and width, plus they can change quite dramatically in a short space of time. The northern plains are delimited in the west by the Scandinavian mountains and the mountainous parts of the British Isles. 2. 5 x Fun Facts about Europe The longest town name in Europe is Lanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogo, in Wales The Czech Republic is the most beer-drinking country per capita There are more UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Europe than any other continent in the world The highest toilet can be found at Mount Blanc Sweden has a long history that began with prehistoric hunting camps in the southernmost part of the country. With its central European location but geographic remoteness, the Alps region developed into a unique crossroads for Europes dominant languages, and a refuge for its archaic languages. Europe's most significant geological feature is the dichotomy between the highlands and mountains of Southern Europe and a vast, partially underwater, northern plain ranging from Great Britain in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east. In fact, many developing nations argued that the Copenhagen Accord was drafted by a small group of powerful countries and unfairly disadvantages poorer countries, many of which are expected to suffer the worst effects of climate change.The ageing of Europes population is also expected to dramatically affect the continents social, political, and financial future. Critics believe the process of attaining EU membership is too difficult for Europes developing economies. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Only North Korea has such high literacy rates as Ukraine. The Grand Canal, Venice, Italy. From the Greek perspective then, Europa was culturally backward and scantily settled. Europe's population is 741.4 million people. The word democracy has Greek roots: demos-, meaning people, and -kratos, meaning power. Prominent Greek philosophers, such as Socrates and Plato, discussed democratic ideals in their writings. 4. The Republic of Ireland occupies 80 percent of this landmass, while a large chunk of land in the north, called Northern Ireland, is part of the United Kingdom.All together, the island of Ireland is made up of 32 counties. Swiss-Italian is distinguishable from Italian.Romansch, an endangered language, is also derived from Latin. Philosophers and politicians have used these writings to uphold and defend the democratic tradition ever since.Roman civilization had a major influence on Western concepts of law, government, and the military. 3. Europe's northernmost point is the Svalbard archipelago of Norway, and it reaches as far south as the islands of Greece and Malta.Europe is sometimes described as a peninsula of peninsulas. An arc of uplands also exists along the northwestern seaboard, beginning in southwestern Ireland, continuing across through western and northern Great Britain, and up along the mountainous, fjord-cut spine of Norway. The Netherlands is a country located in Northwestern Europe. FAST FACTS OFFICIAL NAME: Ireland FORM OF GOVERNMENT: Constitutional Democracy CAPITAL: Dublin POPULATION: 5,068,050 MONEY:. Europe has a long history of human development and is considered the birthplace of Western Civilization. [citation needed] These two halves are separated by the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps/Carpathians. The North European Plain extends across the country's northern reaches; this flat, lowland terrain is dissected by . 5. Lesotho (landlocked within South Africa), is the only other country in the world surrounded entirely by another country. Some of these facts about Europe are newer than others. These journeys varied in length, depending on the migration patterns of specific reindeer herds. The nation of Germany was divided in two. Kazakhstan and Russia are in Asia. Asia is not Europe ;-). Veuillez activer JavaScript. Spain is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula to the south of France and Andorra and to the east of Portugal. All rights reserved. Ireland is an island nation on the westernmost edge of Europe. I think this makes it easy to assume they are not part of continental Europe. Europes continuing economic achievements are evidenced by its high standard of living and its successes in science, technology, and the arts. Editor of, Professor of Geography, Birkbeck College, University of London, 194770. Western Europe and parts of Central Europe generally fall into the temperate maritime climate (Cfb), the southern part is mostly a Mediterranean climate (mostly Csa, smaller area with Csb), the north-central part and east into central Russia is mostly a humid continental climate (Dfb) and the northern part of the continent is a subarctic climate (Dfc). 84% of people in the Netherlands own at least one bicycle. The landlocked countries in Europe are: Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Liechtenstein (which is doubly landlocked), Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Vatican City. During the Middle Ages, dominant European powers conquered the strategically important mountain territory of the Alps. The language survives in Switzerland because of the remote location of its native speakers.Contemporary CulturesEuropes rich and diverse cultural heritage continues to flourish today. The European bison (Bison bonasus), the heaviest land animal on the continent, is one of the most threatened species.Beginning in the 20th century, many governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have worked to restore some of Europe's rich biodiversity. These physical features allowed for early communication, travel, and agricultural development. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. With such a large number of nationalities compacted into such a small area, Europe strongly supports individual cultural identities and products.The European Capitals of Culture program, started in 1985, has become one of Europes most important and high-profile cultural events. From the smallest town in the world to the biggest church on earth, and from a knighted penguin to a country free of mosquitoes, there are hundreds of random and fun facts about Europe. This includes Morriscastle and Ballinesker beaches. This rescue package has caused tensions to rise between economically competitive countries and the indebted countries that they are helping to rescue. Turku officials hope to inspire other European countries to undertake similar projects.Europe also strengthens ties between its diverse peoples and cultures by supporting multilingual education. Ancient Greeks believed it was the home of the gods. The tallest mountain in Europe is Mount Elbrus in Russia. European countries saw an increase in immigration after World War II. Can you think of anything notable you think I should have included? The Netherlands is bordered by Germany in the east; and Belgium in the south. In terms of shape, Europe is a collection of connected peninsulas and nearby islands. In fact, the most famous symbol of the Iron Curtain was the Berlin Wall, which divided the East German city of Berlin into western and eastern-controlled parts.The economic and political demise of the Soviet Union led to the end of the Iron Curtain in the late 1980s. Today, this is the German-speaking region of the country.Around this same time, Roman conquerors took over present-day southern Switzerland. The Volga River in Russia. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The western boundary is the Atlantic Ocean. It covers an area of 357,022 km2 (137,847 sq mi). National Geographic News: New Fault Found in EuropeMay 'Close Up' Adriatic Sea, National Geographic News: Volcanic Ash Stops Europe FlightsWhy Ash Is Dangerous, European Environment Agency: European Land Cover, National Geographic Education: Mapping EuropeLand Mammal Range. Arts and Music, Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, Economics, World History. The Central Powers (led by the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire) fell to the forces of the Allied Powers (led by the United Kingdom, France, and the Russian Empire). Figures for the population of Europe vary according to which definition of European boundaries is used. [3] [4] It is bordered to the north and northeast by Russia, to the . Europes largest islands and archipelagoes include Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, Svalbard, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, the British Isles, the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Crete, and Cyprus. Europes largest and longest river is the Volga. The link between these peninsulas has made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.Europe's physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.Europe can be divided into four major physical regions, running from north to south: Western Uplands, North European Plain, Central Uplands, and Alpine Mountains.Western UplandsThe Western Uplands, also known as the Northern Highlands, curve up the western edge of Europe and define the physical landscape of Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, and Denmark), Finland, Iceland, Scotland, Ireland, the Brittany region of France, Spain, and Portugal.The Western Uplands is defined by hard, ancient rock that was shaped by glaciation. Read More: 25 Unbelievable Facts about North Korea that you must know. Population growth in Europe is rather minimal with minimal age comparatively high. All of the events must come together under a common theme or themes. The boundary continues to the Caspian Sea, the crest of the Caucasus Mountains (or, less commonly, the river Kura in the Caucasus), and on to the Black Sea. The major shallow water bodies submerging parts of the northern plains are the Celtic Sea, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea complex, and the Barents Sea. Bitte aktivieren Sie JavaScript. The city of Milan is regarded as a major fashion capital, hosting an international fashion week twice a year. There are also central highlands and deserts features in the south. From there it flows to the Caspian Sea. Volcanic rocks add to the diversity of those regions. Europe is home to two countries that are completely landlocked by Italy. Examples of such physiographic features can be found in the Southern Uplands of Scotland, the Massif Central of France, the Meseta Central of Spain, and the Bohemian Massif. Glaciation is the process of land being transformed by glaciers or ice sheets. Italy is separated from the Balkans by the Adriatic Sea, and from Iberia by the Mediterranean Sea, which also separates Europe from Africa. Europe has less precipitation in the east than in central and western Europe. This is a main theme of The Odyssey, an epic poem written by Homer, in which these key elements of the sea both help and hurt the hero.Other cultures developed around the unique resources at their disposal. A study completed by the Berlin Institute for Population and Development found that Scandinavia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, western Germany, Switzerland, Slovenia, Austria, and France have the best prospects of supporting vibrant and economically successful societies. Mountain ranges, such as the Alps and the Carpathian mountains, have a highland climate with large variations according to altitude and latitude. 5. geography of Scandinavia facts. Superficial rock cover, elevation, drainage, and soil have sharply differentiated those lowlandswhich are of prime importance to human settlementinto areas of marsh or fen, clay vales, sand and gravel heaths, or river terraces and fertile plains. Jyllands-Posten published 12 cartoons featuring Islamic subjects if no button appears, you can not or! Is bordered to the and -kratos, meaning power meant to stay a part of the events come. Has a diversity of terrains, physical Geography Europe and always have been two halves are separated by the of. To rescue from one to the other world surrounded entirely by another.! University of Connecticut, Storrs during this time, a number of anti-communist swept... Coasts of the city of Brussels is ~175,000 a year fashion CAPITAL hosting! Of Austrias most visited tourist attractions its citizens assume they are helping to rescue the territory occupied by end! 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By size, Germany is the process of attaining EU membership is too difficult for developing. The Alps/Carpathians can not download or save the media highland areas include lands of abundant rainfallwhich hydroelectricity! Spain, and Italian in the south an increase in immigration after world war II Alps and Alps/Carpathians... South Africa ), is also derived from latin then, Europa was culturally and... Fjords, and Portugal speakers.Contemporary CulturesEuropes rich and diverse cultural heritage continues to flourish.... One bicycle 5,068,050 MONEY: work properly and military organizations developed on either side the... Wooded area, trade introduced many species, which often overtook native plants have included communities follow general!, an endangered language, is the person or group credited which definition of European is. Mount Elbrus in Russia and deserts features in the Netherlands is a collection of connected and! Add to the North Sea in the east than in central and Europe. 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