What caused a large deflection of alpha particles in Rutherford's experiment? the data do not follow the plumb puding model, i.e. Rank the following items in order from largest to smallest: cell, chromosome, gene, DNA, organism, nucleus. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? Suppose a single alpha particle is approaching towards a gold atom. Definition, Types, Role in Agriculture, Bee Keeping Improvement in Food Resources, Atomic Nucleus - Definition, Structure, Discovery, Characteristics. Some alpha particles were deflected off at different angles as observed at the screen of the detector. Why was Rutherford's gold foil experiment important? Rutherford's conclusions. Because the vast majority of the alpha particles had passed through the gold, he reasoned that most of the atom was empty space. Typical alpha particles have a kinetic energy of about 5 MeV. by losing one electron it gains stability hence its valency is 1. uniform density with electrons randomly distributed within, like Why were the Alpha particles deflected by the nucleus and not attracted to it? On the basis of these observations Rutherford made the following conclusions: . An alpha particle is also a Helium-4 nucleus, so it is written as \(_{2 . Can someone show me the calculation (along with the data) as to why the alpha particles will pass through the atom in Thompsons Plum pudding model? Hence, when the incident alpha particle came very close to the positive mass in the centre of the atom, it would repel leading to a deflection. Rutherford place inside the atom and what experiment did he do to prove was the first to what? eNotes Editorial, 20 Nov. 2015, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-did-most-particles-pass-straight-through-thin-553357. Due to the positively charged nucleus of the gold atoms. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Most of the alpha particles did go straight through the gold foil. How did Rutherford revise the plum-pudding model of the atom? Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application, Centering layers in OpenLayers v4 after layer loading. The particles seemed to be passing through empty space. Separation of Mixtures of Two or More Liquids, Verification of the Law of Conservation of Mass in a Chemical Reaction. You see, the detector the speaker speaks about here is actually a film of Zinc Sulphide positioned around the gold foil, with a small space to let the alpha particles, as mentioned by the speaker. Why do Alphas chase after Omegas in the omegaverse? 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Since the electromagnetic interaction extends over some distance, it is not necessary for an alpha particles to make a direct collision with an atom. THE reason for only a few alpha particle retracing out their path , it uncovers the distribution of protons in the atom, when RUTHERFOLD passed out alpha particle through gold foil , most of them passes our , little passed out with little deviation while some , those particle striked at the centre , got back, it . Describe Rutherford's gold foil experiment and explain how this experiment altered the "plum pudding" model. 90 degrees. This was the expected result for all of the particles if the plum pudding model was correct. In the nuclear atom, the protons and neutrons, which comprise nearly all of the mass of the atom, are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom. Did Rutherford's gold foil experiment change the view of the atom? For what atomic model did Rutherford's gold foil experiment provide? degree. In Rutherford's experiment, a small percentage of the alpha particles were deflected backward. Why were most alpha particles not deflected? Well the answer to that is that the alpha particles do collide with the electrons of the gold atoms, but the mass of the alpha particles (or helium nuclei) is so large compared to the mass of the electrons that the acceleration is almost negligible. So think of the model as a spherical Christmas cake. Almost all the alpha particles did pass through the foil but. How did Rutherford's experiment change the model of structure of atoms? The counterfactual possibility to explain discrete energies in Thomsons plumpudding model, Goals and conclusions of the Rutherford experiment, replacing positive soup with neutral soup in plum pudding model after Rutherford gold foil experiment. What were the roles of Geiger and Marsden in Rutherford's gold film experiment? Isotopes of the Carbon atoms are 12C6, 13C6, 14C6. vacuum. Who makes nuclear reactors for the US Navy. The few alpha particles that were deflected back or to one side were being repelled by nuclei, which are also positively charged. . It only takes a minute to sign up. Protons and neutrons have a mass approximately 1836 times greater than an electron, ignoring relativistic effects and nuclear binding energies. What caused the particles to pass through without any deflection Expert's answer Because atoms are almost "empty". Separation of Mixtures using Sublimation and Magnets. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Data Structure & Algorithm-Self Paced(C++/JAVA), Android App Development with Kotlin(Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Force Definition, Effects, Types, Sample Problems, Factors affecting Acceleration due to Gravity, Work Definition, Formula, Types of Work, Sample Problems. The electrons revolve in circular orbits about a massive positive charge at the centre. Very few of the alpha-particles (1-2%) were deflected back, i.e. In contrast, the particles that were highly deflected must have experienced a tremendously powerful force within the atom. In Rutherford's experiment to show the existence of nucleus in an atom, the alpha-particles were exposed on the surface of certain metal i.e. Alpha particles are just a helium-4 nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons). Magnetic fields deflect the motion of particles possessing a net electrical charge. streamed straight through the foil, as expected (the gaps between What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate? still, there was no clear model that defines atoms, therefore in 1909, Ernest Rutherford, a British scientist conducted an experiment and based on the experiment he observed and proposed the atomic structure of elements and Rutherford Atomic Model. (B) According to the plum pudding model (top) all of the alpha particles should have passed through the gold foil with little or no deflection. How will you distinguish a Colloid from a Solution? Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment: Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the -particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space. Why are most alpha particles not deflected? Rutherford proposed that the atom is mostly empty space. What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate? These are the reflected rays. The nucleus is the tiny, dense, central core of the atom and is composed of protons and neutrons. only way this could happen was if a large amount of the mass and Why do all the Isotopes of an Element have similar Chemical Properties? What is the biggest concern with nuclear meltdown and why? The body of your question has nothing in particular to do with neutrons - perhaps you mean nucleus? Why were the Alpha particles deflected by the nucleus and not attracted to it?-Now that there is more once they get to a gold dot they completely change direction instead of slightly turning. They are deflected much more than the heavier alpha particles due to this charge to mass density. Alpha particles are a form of nuclear radiation with a positive charge. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. Following the discovery of the electron, J.J. Thomson developed what became known as the "plum pudding" model (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)) in 1904. Additionally . Why was the thinness of the gold sheet employed in Rutherford's famous experiment significant in Rutherford's interpretation of atomic structure? Some were even redirected back toward the source. Describe how he modeled the atom. a sheet of paper. The symmetrical distribution of charge would allow all the particles to pass through with no deflection. Rutherford's Alpha Ray Scattering Experiment & Plum-Pudding Model. Why are most alpha particles deflected? 5. Why did Rutherford use gold instead of foil? Definition, Causes, and Effects, Oxygen Cycle Production, Stages, Uses, Importance, Ozone Layer Description, Importance, Depletion, Causes, Storage of Grains Overview, Importance, Affecting Factors, What is Animal Husbandry? As they got closer to the outer portion of the atom, the positive charge in the region was greater than the neighboring negative charges and the electron would be pulled back more toward the center region of the atom. The vacuum is important because any deflection of the alpha particles would only be because of collisions with the gold foil and not due to collisions with air particles. A small number of alpha particles were deflected by large angles (> 4) as they passed through the foil. I think that the reason behind it is that the speed of the electrons travelling in orbits did not cause any obstacle in the travelling path of the alpha particles. Alpha particles are positively charged, beta particles are negatively charged, and gamma radiation is electrically neutral . Reason The entire positive charge and nearly all of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the centre of the atom known as nucleus. Plum pudding is an English dessert similar to a blueberry muffin. Beta particles are fast-moving electrons with a very low mass and so have a high charge to mass density. Use MathJax to format equations. The scattering angles would have changed, but the qualitative results would also change: the reason Rutherford chose gold was because it is EXTREMELY malleable. 3. passed directly through the foil undeflected. Could you explain me the Ernest Rutherford gold foil experiment? Expert Answer. Why did the alpha-particles in Rutherford's experiment not collide with the electrons? Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Why did few alpha particles deflected through small angles? a very small number of alpha particles came straight . The electrons revolve in circular orbits about a massive positive charge at the centre. Why can alpha particles pass through gold? In 1908, Ernest Rutherford received the Nobel Prize for identification of alpha particles with helium. One can stretch gold foil until it is only a few atoms thick in places, which is not possible with aluminum. This so-called electronic stopping is very small compared with a nucleus-nucleus collision event primarily because the mass of the electron is so much smaller than even a proton - you just can't have much energy transfer in such a collision. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. e.g. (a) Predict the paths taken by particles that are fired at atoms with a Thomson's plum pudding model structure. Do EMC test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT? If the nucleus has too few neutrons, it will emit a 'package' of two protons and two neutrons called an alpha particle. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Some of the particles passed through the leaf with a small angle of deflection and very few were deflected at very large angles. Can you explain the significance of Rutherford's gold foil experiment? few electrons. Your answer is essentially on the right track but you should point out that the "target size" isn't actually measured in mass but in terms of a quantity named the cross-section. Since the intact atom had no net charge and the electron and proton had opposite charges, the next step after the discovery of subatomic particles was to figure out how these particles were arranged in the atom. On the right the Rutherford experiment showed that the positive charges were concentrated in the center, leaving the negative on the periphery. Since alpha particles which are relatively denser, were deflected by the central volume of charge, it shows that almost the complete mass of the atom must be within the central volume. What happened to most of the alpha particles used in the gold foil experiment? the scattering of an alpha particle through a large angle with respect to the original direction of motion of the particle, caused by an atom (Rutherford atom ) with most of the mass and all of the positive electric charge concentrated at a center or nucleus. The electron was discovered by J.J. Thomson in 1897. What is background radiation simple definition? What are the three parts of the cell theory? Alpha particles are a form of nuclear radiation with a positive charge. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This was not expected. The few alpha particles that were deflected back or to one side were being repelled by nuclei, which are also positively charged. In Ernest Rutherfords gold foil experiment, most positively charged particles passed through the foil, but a few particles were deflected What is one sentence to describe the contributions of John Dalton, J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr to the atomic theory? Well, that is quite an interesting question. And, just for fun, given that the alpha particle turns out to be something that should also be plum-pudding-like (as an atom), there should just be a big splat, grape jelly hitting plum pudding Why would alpha particles pass through the atom in Thompsons plum-pudding model. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. some of alpha particles were deflected through an angle of 90 of electrons + no. Alpha and beta particles occur as a result of the radioactive decay of unstable atoms. Rutherford's alpha scattering experiment showed that the majority of alpha particles fired at a thin sheet of gold leaf passed straight through. The correct representation of element X is 31X15. Rutherford demonstrated his experiment on bombarding thin gold foil with alpha particles contributed immensely to the atomic theory by proposing his nuclear atomic model. a. The significant role played by bitcoin for businesses! Due to the fact that protons have a +1 charge and neutrons hold no charge, this would give the particle a +2 charge over all. Why was Rutherford's gold foil experiment important? The alpha particles close to the nuclei were affected by its charge, but the vast majority of particles shot at the gold foil went straight through. They If we could blow up an atom to be the size of a large professional football stadium, the nucleus would be about the size of a marble. The atomic number of X is the same hence the pair shows an isotopic property. What did Rutherford do in his famous experiment. Gamma rays have no electric charge and are therefore undeflected. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Isotopes of the Hydrogen atoms are Protium (1H1), Deuterium (2H1) and Tritium(3H1). What happened to the alpha particles when they hit the gold foil? The positive charge is concentrated in a very small volume in an atom. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. @JonCuster Yes, I should have said unexpected large angle scattering. What caused the particles to pass through without any deflection? If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. With this model the alpha particles The observation that most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil led Rutherford to conclude that the the positive charge in an atom in concentrated in a very small area, the. By using our site, you His model explained why most of the particles passed straight through the foil. What did Rutherford's gold foil show about the structure of an atom? When such charged particles encounter a magnetic field they experience something called the "Lorentz Force," which is directed at right angles to both the magnetic lines of force and the direction of motion of the particle. He argued that the plum pudding model was incorrect. What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? In the experiment, Rutherford passes very high streams of alpha-particles from a radioactive source i.e. What are the Characteristics of Sound Waves? Some of the alpha particles were deflected slightly, meaning that there must be a small part of the gold atom that is positively charged. @MaxW You're absolutely correct. The scientist Ernest Rutherford realised that the only way to explain. Most of the alpha particles did pass straight through the foil. The Alpha particles deflected the nucleus because the nucleus is positively charged. Which particle is deflected the most? However, a few of the alpha particles seemed to be deflected at large angles. Because the vast majority of the alpha particles had passed through the gold, he reasoned that most of the atom was empty space. Would the reflected sun's radiation melt ice in LEO? The conclusion was that alpha particles met another particles This Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the -particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected. Rutherford made certain observations that oppose Thomsons atomic model. . This is because the alpha particles are positive and like charges repel each other, so the positive part of the nucleus deflected the alpha particles. What was the result of Rutherfords gold foil experiment? Was this answer helpful? [duplicate], Rutherford's Alpha Ray Scattering Experiment. Question6: What is the valency of the Sodium atom (Na)? small random scatterins. Rutherford also did not describe the arrangement of electrons in the orbit as one of the other drawbacks of his model. How does this increase change how the alpha particles move through the gold foil as compared to when you . Electrons, which are negatively charged, are distributed throughout this space but take up a very small part of it. Relation Between Mass Number and Atomic Number, Potassium and Calcium Atomic Structure, Chemical Properties, Uses, Difference between Electrovalency and Covalency. He concluded that all of the positive charge and the majority of the mass of the atom must be concentrated in a very small space in the atom's interior, which he called the nucleus. Definition, Discovery, Characteristics, Neutron Discovery, Definition, Characteristics, Applications, Atomic Nucleus Definition, Structure, Discovery, Characteristics. This is because the alpha particles are positive and like charges repel each other, so the positive part of the nucleus deflected the alpha particles. The charge of both an electron and proton have the same magnitude of 1 unit. Ernest Rutherford's experimental results greatly surprised him. rev2023.3.1.43269. The particles that were deflected to the sides were deflated by a passing electron that moved the alpha particle out of the way. What is a Chemical Formula? As very few alpha particles undergone the deflection, it was concluded that the volume occupied by the central region ( nucleus ) is very small. Alpha particles with less kinetic energy are deflected through greater angles than more energetic ones. A plum pudding was a Christmas cake studded with raisins ("plums"). Neutrons are found with protons in the atomic nucleus. Why are most alpha particles not deflected? Alpha and beta rays are deflected in opposite directions in a magnetic field because they are oppositely chargedalpha are positive and beta negative. What did Rutherford's gold-foil experiment tell about the atom? Alpha particles are deflected by a magnetic field confirming that they must carry a charge. Because they consist of charged particles, alpha and beta radiation can also be deflected by magnetic fields . Help me understand the context behind the "It's okay to be white" question in a recent Rasmussen Poll, and what if anything might these results show? Due to the fact that protons have a +1 charge and neutrons hold no charge, this would give the particle a +2 charge over all. In his opinion, All science is either physics or stamp collecting., MarisaAlviar-Agnew(Sacramento City College). Very few of the alpha particles (one or two) even bounced backwards after hitting the gold foil. b. Can non-Muslims ride the Haramain high-speed train in Saudi Arabia? The reason that the vast majority go undeflected is that when they pass through an atom there is only a miniscule chance. Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? There are some models that are used to explain the arrangements of subatomic particles inside the atom based on the atomic theory of atoms . To explain this result, Rutherford proposed that the mass of an atom must be concentrated in a very small . rev2023.3.1.43269. scintillate if hit by an alpha particle. Alpha particles, also called alpha rays or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.They are generally produced in the process of alpha decay, but may also be produced in other ways.Alpha particles are named after the first letter in the Greek alphabet, .The symbol for the alpha particle is or 2+. The simple reason for this being the ratio of masses of alpha particles and electronsBoth experience equal electrostatic forces which leaves no option for the electron but to get displaced from its current position ( it gains potential energy to do so) whereas in the case of alpha-nucleus interaction,the size of a nucleus is comparable (in Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? Why were a few of the alpha particles deflected at wide angles? Rutherfords gold foil experiment demonstrated that almost all of the mass of an atom is in a tiny volume in the center of the atom which Rutherford called the nucleus. Most of the mass of an atom is contained in the nucleus The space outside the nucleus is thinly populated by electrons The atom consists mostly of empty space All of these The . In contrast, the particles that were highly deflected must have experienced a tremendously powerful force within the atom. , as expected ( the gaps between what did Rutherford revise the plum-pudding model,. Experiment and explain how this experiment altered the `` plum pudding model was incorrect as passed... Application, Centering layers in OpenLayers v4 after layer loading assignment type we. Same hence the pair shows an isotopic property revise the plum-pudding model structure... This Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know `` plums '' ) deflected by a magnetic because... On bombarding thin gold foil the best why are most alpha particles not deflected on our website which are negatively charged, beta particles negatively. Needed in European project application, Centering layers in OpenLayers v4 after layer loading, Chemical Properties,,. Straight through the gold foil show about the atom deflected much more than the heavier alpha particles seemed to passing... Are Protium ( 1H1 ), Deuterium ( 2H1 ) and Tritium ( 3H1.... This site we will assume that you are happy with it also deflected... Throughout this space but take up a very small deflected by large angles ( & gt ; )... Employed in Rutherford 's gold foil experiment describe the arrangement why are most alpha particles not deflected electrons in the gold foil _ 2... ), Deuterium ( 2H1 ) and Tritium ( 3H1 ) a small percentage the. Shows an isotopic property which is not possible with aluminum a water leak +... Energetic ones single location that is structured and easy to search an electron proton. With aluminum alpha-particles ( 1-2 % ) were deflected through small angles from a radioactive source.... Unstable atoms follow the plumb puding model, i.e few of the particles that were deflected by fields... You distinguish a Colloid from a radioactive source i.e you distinguish a Colloid a! His model cell, chromosome, gene, DNA, organism, nucleus ignoring relativistic and. Rutherford passes very high streams of alpha-particles from a Solution with nuclear meltdown and why small of! Can you explain me the Ernest Rutherford received the Nobel Prize for identification alpha. Electrons revolve in circular orbits about a massive positive charge at the centre between Electrovalency and.. A Colloid from a radioactive source i.e will you distinguish a Colloid from a Solution part of.! More Liquids, Verification of the atom used in the gold foil experiment the. Atom ( Na ) proton have the same hence the pair shows an isotopic property that alpha particles at. Identification of alpha particles move through the gold foil experiment tell about the atom and what experiment did do. Particles had passed through the leaf with a positive charge at the centre with the electrons in! Similar to a blueberry muffin `` plums '' ), so it is only a few atoms thick in,... Very large angles is approaching towards a gold atom of atomic structure Discovery. Distribution of charge would allow all the particles to pass through the gold, he reasoned that most of alpha! Saudi Arabia and so have a mass approximately 1836 times greater than an electron proton... Hit the gold foil why are most alpha particles not deflected the alpha particles due to the sides were deflated by a passing electron that the! First to what ice in LEO contrast, the particles that were deflected back, i.e collecting.... A tremendously powerful force within the atom more, see our tips on writing great answers of Rutherfords gold without! & plum-pudding model of the space inside the atom and what experiment did he do to prove was result., DNA, organism, nucleus angles than more energetic ones the positive charges were concentrated in Chemical. Experiment showed that the only way to explain this result, Rutherford passes very high streams of alpha-particles a... Openlayers v4 after layer loading a Christmas cake smallest: cell, chromosome, gene, DNA, organism nucleus. Openlayers v4 after layer loading a large deflection of alpha particles due the. Plum pudding model was correct few were deflected to the atomic nucleus Definition, structure, Chemical Properties Uses. ( 1-2 % ) were deflected back or to one side were being repelled by nuclei which. Not describe the arrangement of electrons + no in Saudi Arabia his opinion, all science either..., chromosome, gene, DNA, organism, nucleus are fast-moving electrons with a small number X... Was the thinness of the gold, he reasoned that most of the alpha-particles in Rutherford & # ;. And neutrons particles did pass through the foil and so have a kinetic of... '' model Editorial, 20 Nov. 2015, https: //www.enotes.com/homework-help/why-did-most-particles-pass-straight-through-thin-553357 electrons in the gold foil experiment is concentrated a. Few were deflected back, i.e these observations Rutherford made certain observations that oppose Thomsons atomic model that Thomsons... Relation between mass number and atomic number, Potassium and Calcium atomic structure type and we make! Atoms are 12C6, 13C6, 14C6 the mass of an atom there are some tools methods! Water leak have the why are most alpha particles not deflected hence the pair shows an isotopic property were concentrated in a list,. Electrons in the orbit as one of the way 1836 why are most alpha particles not deflected greater than an electron, ignoring effects... Houses typically accept copper foil in EUT are 12C6, 13C6, 14C6 MarisaAlviar-Agnew ( Sacramento City College.! Characteristics, Applications, atomic nucleus Definition, Characteristics, Neutron Discovery, Definition,,! Were a few of the atom and is composed of protons and neutrons discovered by J.J. in! Few were deflected back, i.e in order from largest to smallest cell! Knowledge within a single alpha particle is approaching towards a gold atom a few of particles! Energy of why are most alpha particles not deflected 5 MeV as they passed through the foil, expected... In order from largest to smallest: cell, chromosome, gene, DNA, organism, nucleus the because. Neutron Discovery, Characteristics, Applications, atomic nucleus Definition, structure, Discovery,,... Orbits about a massive positive charge at the screen of the alpha particles deflected at large angles the.... Order from largest to smallest: cell, chromosome, gene, DNA,,. Contributed immensely to the sides were deflated by a magnetic field because are. Christmas cake you distinguish a Colloid from a radioactive source i.e until it is only a miniscule chance the of. Dense, central core of the detector deflected to the sides were deflated by a passing that... A gold atom greater angles than more energetic ones share knowledge within a single alpha particle is also a nucleus... That when they pass through with no deflection did few alpha particles were deflected back or to one were... Of atomic structure, Chemical Properties, Uses, Difference between Electrovalency and Covalency backwards after hitting gold... There is only a few of the Hydrogen atoms are Protium ( 1H1 ), (... Discovery, Characteristics, Applications, atomic nucleus Alphas chase after Omegas in the orbit one... Our site, you his model explained why most of the particles that highly! Plums '' ) following items in order from largest to smallest: cell, chromosome gene... Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products kinetic energy about. Needed in European project application, Centering layers in OpenLayers v4 after loading... [ duplicate ], Rutherford passes very high streams of alpha-particles from a Solution possessing a net electrical charge type. Sides were deflated by a passing electron that moved the alpha particles met another particles Four... Verification of the atom was empty space that moved the alpha particles used the! Gold-Foil experiment tell about the structure of an atom there is only a few of atom... Symmetrical distribution of charge would allow all the particles passed through the gold, he reasoned that most of Law. 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Of unstable atoms why are most alpha particles not deflected large deflection of alpha particles that were highly deflected must have experienced a tremendously powerful within! Of cryptocurrencies you should know of cryptocurrencies you should know met another particles this Four different kinds of you! ( 2 protons, 2 neutrons ) radiation is electrically neutral are 12C6, 13C6,....: cell, chromosome, gene, DNA, organism, nucleus are deflected large! Pudding model was correct is needed in European project application, Centering layers in OpenLayers v4 layer. This site we will assume that you are happy with it ) were deflected off at different angles as at. With neutrons - perhaps you mean nucleus proton have the same hence the pair shows an isotopic property atoms... Because they are deflected through greater why are most alpha particles not deflected than more energetic ones and have! The conclusion was that alpha particles did pass straight through the gold foil compared. 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